Chronic Antidepressant Use: Effects on Various Organ Histology and Blood Cell Counts in Adult Albino Rats

Moses Bariweni; Yibala Oboma; Ebibido Samuel

doi:10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_122_21

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https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_122_21

Chronic Antidepressant Use: Effects on Various Organ Histology and Blood Cell Counts in Adult Albino Rats

Author(s):

Moses Bariweni^1,*,

Yibala Oboma²,

Ebibido Samuel²

1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences:Vol. 11, issue 1; 118-24

Published online:Jun 29, 2022

Article type:Research Article

Received:Aug 25, 2021

Accepted:Apr 24, 2022

How to Cite:Moses BariweniYibala ObomaEbibido SamuelChronic Antidepressant Use: Effects on Various Organ Histology and Blood Cell Counts in Adult Albino Rats.J Rep Pharm Sci.11(1):e146228.https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_122_21.

Abstract

Background: Chronic use of antidepressant drugs often results in drug-induced organ damage, which is mostly undetected and under-reported. The study aimed at evaluating the effect of selected antidepressants on organs and blood cell counts in adult albino rats.
Materials and Methods: Adult rats were divided into four groups (n = 5): Group 1 (5 mL/kg of body weight/day normal saline), Group 2 (1 mg/kg of body weight/day risperidone), Group 3 (5 mg/kg of body weight/day fluoxetine), and Group 4 (15 mg/ kg of body weight/day imipramine) for 14 days. The animals experienced different stressors during the treatment period to simulate physiological state of depression. On the 14th day, the animals were exposed to the forced swimming test 1 h after the respective treatments. On the 15th day, the animals were sacrificed under halothane anesthesia. Blood sample was collected. Liver and kidney were excised for histological examination. Results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Kidney histology was normal for all groups. Risperidone-exposed rats presented with hepatotoxicity with areas of zonal necrosis and partial central vein congestion. Neutrophil (%) was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in all treatment groups when compared with controls. White blood cell count was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the imipramine and risperidone treatment groups but significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in the fluoxetine treatment group when compared with controls. Also, the platelet count was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the fluoxetine group but decreased in imipramine-and risperidone-treated groups.
Conclusion: Chronic antidepressant use can cause changes in blood cell counts and drug-induced organ damage; hence, frequent organ function tests and blood count are required in patients undergoing chronic antidepressant therapy.

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Author(s):

Moses Bariweni:[PubMed][Scholar]
Yibala Oboma:[PubMed][Scholar]
Ebibido Samuel:[PubMed][Scholar]